One of the most popular words in the world, "artificial intelligence" is undoubtedly one of them. Not long ago, Google AlphaGo and Li Shishi’s Go man-machine battle was the victory of the IBM computer “Deep Blue†in 1997 against human chess champions. In 2011, IBM artificial intelligence “Watson†defeated two humans in the American quiz show “Dangerous Edgeâ€. After the championship, another major milestone in the field of artificial intelligence.
"Google AlphaGo and Li Shishi's man-machine wars have made artificial intelligence a hot topic." Sogou CEO Wang Xiaochuan said, "The next big trend of artificial intelligence is to achieve integration with people."
Innovation and entrepreneurship are becoming more active
What is artificial intelligence? Simply put, it is the use of machines to achieve all the tasks that must now be achieved with the help of human intelligence. Artificial intelligence has been in development for 61 years, and it was not until the "deep learning" neural network in 2006 that the breakthrough was made. In 2013, the deep learning algorithm succeeded in the field of speech and visual recognition, with recognition rates exceeding 99% and 95% respectively.
Tao Jianhua, deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, pointed out that "deep learning" has produced large-scale applications in the areas of face recognition, handwriting recognition, speech recognition, semantic understanding, machine translation, etc. People drive cars, intelligent service robots and other products that represent future technologies play a pivotal role. "The high performance embodied by the deep learning algorithm has set off a wave of innovation in the new generation of artificial intelligence technology." Tao Jianhua said.
Internationally, innovation and entrepreneurship in the field of artificial intelligence are becoming increasingly active. As of 2015, there were 855 global artificial intelligence start-ups across 13 categories with a total valuation of more than $8.7 billion. The major technology giants have spared no effort. In 2013, two prominent scholars who were at the forefront of deep learning joined Google and Facebook respectively. In 2014, Google acquired a deep thinking company that developed Alpha Go for $400 million. In 2015, Toyota paid heavily for the US Department of Defense. Robotics expert Pratt announced that he will invest $1 billion in artificial intelligence research over the next five years; in 2015, both Amazon and Microsoft added machine learning technology to their cloud computing software platforms to discover patterns from massive amounts of data. Make a prediction. Market research firm IDC predicts that by 2020, the machine learning application market will reach $40 billion, 60% of which will run on four companies' platforms, namely Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft.
According to market research institute iResearch, there are nearly 100 startup companies in the field of artificial intelligence, and more than 60 companies have received investment, totaling 2.91 billion yuan. Among them, companies such as Defiance Technology, Ubuntu Yunzhisheng and so on have emerged. The domestic enterprises represented by Keda Xunfei are at the international advanced level in the field of voice and visual recognition. Baidu, Tencent, and Alibaba have all made their efforts in the field of artificial intelligence in recent years: Baidu has recruited well-known deep learning expert Wu Enda, launched artificial intelligence products such as secrets, and established the unmanned driving division; Tencent launched a writing robot and opened a visual recognition platform. Tencent U-Map, established Tencent Intelligent Computing and Search Lab; Alibaba opened the first personal intelligent computing platform in China, and launched the Ali customer service robot platform.
Li Weijun, IDG Capital Partner, pointed out that the investment opportunities in the field of artificial intelligence are gradually maturing, which mainly depends on three reasons: First, the improvement of hardware level, computer chip, operating speed, storage capacity, system stability, etc. have reached the basic level. Requirements; second, with the improvement of hardware, computer algorithms are also constantly optimized; third, based on the popularity of the Internet and mobile Internet, the enterprise has accumulated a large amount of data, making data analysis possible.
What great apps to bring
Artificial intelligence sounds far away and has actually penetrated into our daily work and life. Zhang Yaqin, president of Baidu, said that it may behave as an authentication mechanism, or a human-machine interface, or as an interface for entertainment interaction and life services, such as some mobile smart assistants. "The application of artificial intelligence is more reflected in the service level of smart +, making life more convenient and more fun, saving time, liberating physical strength, and even future machines will replace human beings to carry out some basic work. This scene is embarrassing. Zhang Yaqin said.
Zhang Jianwei, a professor of the Department of Informatics at the University of Hamburg in Germany, believes that in the context of current big data, Internet of Everything, and greatly improved computing performance, it can be said that “the spring of artificial intelligence applications is ushered inâ€. The first is computational intelligence, which is expressed as being able to calculate, and the machine begins to calculate and transmit information like humans. For example, neural networks, genetic algorithms, etc., can help humans store and process massive amounts of data quickly. The pattern recognition R&D team of the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made major breakthroughs in the framework of machine translation systems, the translation of large-scale translation knowledge, translation models and algorithms, and multilingual translation technology. It has also independently developed a machine translation cloud platform based on Internet big data. Breaking the monopoly of foreign Internet companies.
The second is to perceive intelligence, which is manifested in the perception of the outside world. The machine begins to understand and understand, make judgments, and take some actions. For example, you can recognize the criminal's Camera, the speaker that can understand the voice, etc., which can help humans to complete the work of "seeing" and "listening" efficiently. During the “Double 11†period in 2015, 95% of Ant's remote customer service was completed by Big Data Intelligent Robot, and automatic speech recognition was realized. The overall service volume exceeded 5 million.
The third is cognitive intelligence, which is manifested in autonomous actions. The machine can think like a person and take action on its own initiative. For example, completely independent driving unmanned vehicles, autonomous robots, etc., can fully assist or replace human work. Google driverless cars can start, drive, and stop on their own without the need for a human driver. From 2009 to 2015, it has traveled more than 1.2 million miles and can use smart technologies such as cameras, radar sensors, and laser rangefinders to understand traffic conditions and drive automatically. At the end of November last year, Google also obtained a patent, in the future, Google driverless cars can report their driving intentions to the surrounding environment.
Yu Kai, a national expert on thousands of people, said that AlphaGo will undoubtedly become a landmark event in the development of artificial intelligence. In the future, it will create a machine for autonomous behavior and decision making, making our life more convenient. Wang Xiaochuan believes that the key to future technology breakthroughs is to let the machine begin to have a conceptual understanding ability. After understanding it, you can reason. It knows what you really want and gives you a correct answer through calculation. "The leap-forward development of cloud computing and big data technology, the advancement of the smart + development dimension, and the demand for liberation of mental and physical strength will push the artificial intelligence technology to evolve in depth." Zhang Yaqin said.
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