From the light environment introduction and analysis of each part of the tunnel, the choice of light source and lighting, the day and night lighting of the tunnel, the lighting design points to the specific implementation case, systematically share with the readers.
Daylighting of the tunnel
In general, if the exit occupies a large portion of the field of view from the safe braking distance in front of the entrance, the tunnel or underpass will not require additional daylight illumination (as opposed to normal night lighting). Conversely, if you look at the same position and the exit is in a black frame where obstacles such as cars may be hidden, then daylight illumination must be provided.
Daylighting requirements for tunnels
The brightness of the eye in the adjacent segment when the driver approaches the tunnel determines the brightness requirement of the threshold segment in the tunnel. Two kinds of adjustment brightness should be considered here: the brightness of the adjacent segment and the equivalent ambient brightness and sky brightness. For the driver at a safe braking distance from the tunnel opening, that is, the minimum length of the approaching segment, the perceived proximity brightness is equal to the center of the tunnel with a quarter height, and the 2X100 conical field of view with the eye as the apex. The average brightness inside.
The external brightness factors that affect the brightness of the segment are very different in different tunnels: through the mountain tunnel, the brightness of the mountain around the tunnel mouth basically determines the brightness close to the segment; the bottom tunnel, the brightness of the sky above the tunnel entrance to the brightness of the tunnel approaching segment For the elevated road ground passages and underpasses, the brightness of the approaching section depends partly on the structural shape of the building, partly on the brightness of the upper sky, and the influence of the sky is small in the building.
For most tunnel types, various measures can be taken to reduce the brightness of the approaching segments, such as the use of rough dark materials to handle the approaching of the pavement, the inside of the tunnel opening and the wall near the tunnel opening (eg underwater tunnel); Plant trees in adjacent areas or above the entrance to cover the bright sky, or build the tunnel opening as high as possible, thus reducing the brightness inside the tunnel and saving energy.
Night illumination of the tunnel
For nighttime lighting, the entrance lighting is correspondingly reduced, while in the exit section, since the illumination outside the tunnel is lower than the inner section of the tunnel, a "black hole" phenomenon occurs at night. Therefore, the transition section should generally be set and gradually reduced. Illumination levels until the nighttime illumination level of the external road is reached.
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