**1. Basic Concepts of Human-Computer Interaction**
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) focuses on the study of how people and computers exchange information. It involves two main directions: communication from humans to computers and vice versa. As a multidisciplinary field, it integrates cognitive psychology, ergonomics, multimedia technology, and virtual reality. The interaction between users and computers relies heavily on various devices. These include input devices such as keyboards, mice, joysticks, data suits, eye trackers, position trackers, data gloves, and pressure pens. On the output side, devices like printers, plotters, displays, head-mounted displays, and speakers are used. HCI also includes different types of interactive technologies, such as basic interaction, graphical interaction, voice interaction, and haptic interaction.
**2. Three Revolutions in Human-Computer Interaction: Mouse – "Multi-Touch" – Soso-Sense Technology**
The evolution of human-computer interaction has been driven by both technological advancements and user demands. This progress has led to three major revolutions: the mouse, multi-touch, and haptic (somo-sensory) technology.
The mouse was first popularized by Apple with the Lisa, which improved upon traditional pointer methods and became the foundation for more natural human-computer interaction. Over time, the mouse became a standard input device.
Multi-touch technology, introduced by Apple, revolutionized the way people interact with devices by introducing gesture-based controls, offering a more intuitive experience.
Haptic technology, exemplified by Microsoft's Kinect, represents a new generation of interaction where users can control systems through body movements, without the need for physical controllers. This technology uses motion capture, voice recognition, and other features to create an immersive, hands-free experience.
**3. Development Trends of Human-Computer Interaction: Concept Change and Equipment Upgrade**
Looking ahead, the development of human-computer interaction will be shaped by changes in interaction concepts and the evolution of interactive equipment.
In terms of interaction concepts, users have shifted from passively receiving information to actively understanding it. There is now a stronger emphasis on user experience rather than just functionality.
As for interactive equipment, the focus is on making interactions more natural and diverse. Input and output methods are becoming more intelligent, with big data and cloud computing playing a key role. These technologies help build smart interactive platforms that allow seamless communication between users and devices.
**4. Development Trends and Prospects of Interactive Devices**
With the gradual standardization of somatosensory devices, the market is expected to grow rapidly. Somatosensory interaction allows users to interact with devices through gestures, body movements, or environmental cues, without the need for complex control tools. These devices use sensors to detect movement and translate it into digital commands, enabling touchless interaction with virtual environments.
**Concern 2: Wearable Devices Enter the Tens of Billions Market in the Next Few Years**
Wearable devices are categorized into four main groups: consumer wearables, general-purpose wearables, healthcare wearables, and industrial/military wearables. Currently, most products are focused on fitness, health, and lifestyle. With the launch of innovative products like Google Glass, the Apple Watch, and smart wristbands, wearable technology has gained significant attention and is becoming a key market trend.
**Concern 3: The Development Trend of Multi-Modal Interactive Devices**
Multi-modal interaction devices combine multiple interaction methods, such as voice, touch, and gesture control. These devices collect user data through various tracking modules—like face, gesture, posture, and voice—to create a more realistic and responsive user experience. By integrating these inputs, users can engage in more natural and dynamic interactions with computers. Google Glass, launched in 2012, is a prime example of this trend, offering a hands-free, multi-functional interface similar to a smartphone.
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