There are many types of new energy vehicles, but they can be broadly classified into pure electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.
A pure electric vehicle uses a battery as a power source for storing energy, and supplies electric energy to the motor through the battery to drive the motor to operate, thereby driving the vehicle.
The so-called hybrid car uses a conventional internal combustion engine (diesel or gasoline engine) and an electric motor as a power source, and some engines have been modified to use other alternative fuels such as compressed natural gas, propane and ethanol fuel.
In the field of new energy, there is a proper term called “three powersâ€, which refers to batteries, motors, and electronic control technologies. This is the main technical bottleneck restricting the development of new energy vehicles.
It is understood that China currently lacks leading enterprises in the field of power battery industry, system engineering and research and development capabilities are relatively weak, and there is insufficient reserve in the development of cutting-edge technologies and advanced systems.
There are many technical bottlenecks in battery technology. In addition to the problem of fast charging, it is difficult to solve the problem. When the battery is operated under different climates, road conditions and working conditions, the various performances of the battery are unstable. The result will be the overall performance of the electric vehicle (speed, acceleration, continuous charging). Driving mileage) continues to decline. For example: the power consumption of electric air conditioners is 3 to 4kw, and air conditioners are generally turned on. The driving range of electric vehicles must be reduced by at least one-third. In other words, electric vehicles that can travel 90 kilometers can only use air conditioners at most. Can drive 60 kilometers. Among them, the power battery mainly includes lead-acid batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries and lithium batteries.
As one of the three core components of new energy vehicles, the drive motor has undoubtedly higher technical requirements than traditional industrial motors. In view of the limited space available for the entire vehicle (especially for passenger cars), there are very strict requirements on the size of the motor system (motor and controller) - compact structure, small size, high power density and high torque density.
Currently, there are three types of drive systems commonly used in electric vehicles:
1. DC motor drive system. The motor in the system is a brushed DC motor, and the motor controller generally adopts a chopper control mode;
2. Induction motor AC drive system. The motor in the system generally adopts a three-phase AC asynchronous motor whose rotor is a squirrel cage structure, and the motor controller uses a vector control frequency conversion speed regulation mode;
3. Permanent magnet synchronous motor AC drive system. Among them, the permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a brushless DC motor and a three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Hybrid motor
At the beginning of the electric vehicle, the drive system used was a DC motor drive system. However, with the development of high-power semiconductor technology, vector-controlled variable frequency speed control technology and motor test technology, the induction AC motor drive system gradually replaced DC. Motor drive system.
In the test of the drive system, the most direct way is to simulate the actual working conditions of the car.
According to the reliability test method of GB/T 29307 electric vehicle drive system, Zhiyuan Electronics strictly tests the electric vehicle motor with the electric motor motor condition circulation system, and can judge whether the motor can enter the practical application.
JIANGMEN LEDERLIGHT LIGHTING Co.,LTD , https://www.lederlightcn.com