The working principle of the static phase advancer is quite fascinating. When a motor is in operation, the static phase advancer is connected in series within the motor's circuit. As the motor runs, it collects both the rotor current and the synchronous voltage signal. These signals are then processed by the microprocessor (CPU) to trigger a thyristor. This thyristor-based AC-AC converter takes the standard power frequency and converts it into a frequency that matches the rotor current. This converted power is then added to the rotor circuit, effectively altering the phase relationship between the rotor current and the rotor voltage.
This phase adjustment influences the magnetic field inside the motor, which in turn affects the phase relationship between the stator current and the stator voltage. By doing so, the power factor angle is reduced, leading to an improved power factor. As a result, the motor's stator current decreases, which lowers copper losses and reduces the motor’s temperature rise. This also enhances the motor’s overload capacity, making it more efficient and reliable during operation.
In simpler terms, the phase advancer can make the motor behave like a "pseudo-synchronous" or "sub-synchronous" motor, similar to how a true synchronous motor operates. Although it doesn’t run at exact synchronous speed, it mimics the behavior. Synchronous motors have a power factor close to 1, which makes them much more energy-efficient compared to asynchronous motors. By converting the motor into a more synchronous-like state, the current drawn is reduced because the reactive component of the current is minimized. This leads to better performance, lower energy consumption, and longer lifespan for the motor.
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