Challenges in the current state of power grid planning analysis remain one of the most critical issues. Many planners encounter difficulties when trying to evaluate the grid's condition. However, acquiring certain practical skills can enhance the depth of understanding regarding the grid’s present status. Focusing on specific aspects like power supply capacity, grid structure, electrical equipment, and distribution automation can significantly improve planning efficiency.
When examining power supply capacity, several key indicators come into play. At the high-voltage level, these include the grid capacity ratio, the line heavy load to light load ratio, and the main transformer's heavy load to light load ratio. For medium-voltage distribution networks, attention should be given to line load ratios, distribution transformer load rates, and average segment numbers. These metrics help identify issues such as low or high regional load ratios, heavy load and redundancy in substations, and overloaded lines causing challenges in load transfer.
Addressing these issues involves strategic measures like adding substations, optimizing their power supply ranges, and increasing distribution points. By transforming and expanding capacities, rural areas can better handle seasonal surges in demand. Additionally, renovating substations and constructing new facilities can alleviate resource constraints and improve load management.
Grid structure presents another significant challenge. High-voltage networks often exhibit single-line and single-variation structures, failing to meet N-1 reliability standards. This results in weak load transfer capabilities and power outages during failures. Medium-voltage grids similarly face overlapping supply ranges and unclear structures, with many lines operating as single radiations. Improving this requires transitioning from radial to chain structures, enhancing inter-station connections, and ensuring proper contact point settings.
Electrical equipment also plays a crucial role. Aging equipment, high losses, and outdated cables contribute to lower reliability. Overhead lines in rural areas, especially those using bare wires, pose additional risks. Upgrading these systems through targeted replacements and insulation improvements is essential.
Distribution automation further complements these efforts. Insufficient coverage and outdated equipment hinder effective monitoring and control. Implementing automated solutions at critical points ensures better grid visibility and control. Replacing outdated components and integrating modern communication networks are vital steps toward achieving comprehensive automation.
In summary, analyzing the power grid's status involves considering multiple factors simultaneously. Each aspect—whether power supply capacity, structural integrity, equipment condition, or automation—interacts with others, necessitating a holistic approach. By addressing these elements comprehensively, planners can achieve more robust and resilient power systems.
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