First, the definition of LED light source and LED lamps
1, the definition of LED light source
LED light source; a component provided by an LED lamp or LED module.
LED lamp: A light source with a lamp head that combines one or more LED modules. The LED module cannot be removed unless permanently damaged.
Note 1: LED lights can be integrated (also known as "self-ballasting"), semi-integrated (also known as "half-ballasted") or non-integrated (also known as non-ballasted), as shown in Figure 1.
Note 2: Includes single or double ended caps in accordance with IEC 60061-1 "Control gauges for interchangeability and safety of lamp caps and sockets Part 1: Lamp caps".
Note 3: LED lights are usually designed to be replaced by end users or ordinary people.
Figure 1 Diagram of the type of LED light
2, the definition of LED lamps
LED luminaire; luminaire designed to use LED light sources.
A luminaire is defined as an appliance that distributes, reveals, or transforms one or more lamps, and includes all components necessary to support, secure, and protect the lamp (but not the lamp itself), and the necessary circuitry. Auxiliary devices and devices that connect them to the power supply.†The definition also includes a note that “an illuminator with an integral non-replaceable light source is considered a luminaire, but the monolithic source and integral self-ballasted lamp are not tested. ."
Second, the reason for misunderstanding LED LEDs as LED light sources
Light sources in traditional luminaires are almost always replaceable. With the advent of LEDs, most of the luminaires using LED modules appear in an irreplaceable form, which seems to be an integrated trend. The boundaries between LED light sources and LED luminaires seem to be unclear. The whole is an illuminator, which can be regarded as a light source. It is clearly stated in the "Note" in the definition of the luminaire: an illuminator with an integral non-replaceable light source is regarded as a luminaire, and a luminaire using an LED module is exactly a luminaire. example.
Third, the light source has the characteristics of being used by different lamps
The light source is used by the luminaire. If the light source is like a source water, the light fixture is like a spring water. LED light sources can be used both in downlights and in road lights. If "LED street light" or "LED tunnel light" is understood as "light source", it cannot be reused by other lamps, which is contrary to the concept of "light source" using "lighting".
Fourth, the difference in the degree of protection of the enclosure
As a light source, there is no special enclosure protection rating or IP20. However, the enclosure rating of indoor luminaires should be at least IP20, and the enclosure protection rating of LED road luminaires should be at least IPX3. The enclosure protection rating of tunnel luminaires should be at least IPX5.
Five, LED light source efficacy is not equivalent to LED lamp performance
As far as the light source is concerned, light efficiency is a classic indicator project. The appearance of each new light source is directly related to the higher light efficiency achieved. Thus, the light effect has become an important indicator of the performance of the LED light source without exception. . Of course, other performance indicators of the light source include color rendering index, chromaticity coordinates, color temperature and lifetime.
For lamps using traditional light sources, the light output of the luminaire, ie the ability of the luminaire to convert the luminous flux of the luminaire, is a classic indicator of luminaire performance. Since the performance parameters of LED light sources have not yet reached the standardization level, and the LED light sources used in many lamps are not replaceable, the concept of light effects has also been misused to LED lighting products.
1, LED light source efficacy and LED lighting efficiency concept
The luminous efficacy of a source is defined as the ratio of the luminous flux emitted by a light source to the electrical power consumed by itself. The unit is lm/W. It does not contain the loss of electrical accessories.
The luminaire efficacy definition is the ratio of the initial total luminous flux emitted by the luminaire to the power consumed by the luminaire under the claimed conditions of use, in lm/W. It is the loss of electrical accessories.
"Light efficiency" is used to evaluate LED light source. "Efficacy" is used to evaluate LED lamps. LED light source efficacy and LED lamp efficiency all indicate the efficiency of converting electrical energy into light energy. It is an index item describing the energy-saving characteristics of lighting products, but its connotation It is different.
2, different luminous flux
The luminous flux of the light source in the light source of the LED light source refers to the luminous flux emitted by the bare light source (the state when it is not yet installed in the luminaire). The LED light source may be an integrated LED lamp or an integrated LED module, a semi-integrated LED lamp or a semi-integrated LED module or a non-integrated LED lamp or a non-integrated LED module.
The numerator in the performance statement of the LED luminaire----the luminous flux refers to the luminous flux emitted by the luminaire after the light source is installed in the luminaire and the power of the required LED control device or LED control device is used at the same time. The power supply of the LED control device or the LED control device may be integral, built-in or stand-alone. A luminaire using an LED source may use a reflector, diffuser or lens.
The light source installed in the luminaire may be a single light source or a collection of multiple light sources, but due to the efficiency loss caused by the interaction of thermal energy and electrical energy, and the efficiency of the optical system of the luminaire, the luminous flux of the LED luminaire is not equal to the luminous flux of the LED light source or its simple accumulation. .
The luminous flux in the efficacy of the LED source is different from the measurement of the luminous flux in the efficacy of the luminaire. The former is measured in the pulse state and the latter is measured in the steady state operating state.
The light in the light effect of the LED light source is not directional, as long as the light energy is emitted, it is recognized in all directions. The light in the efficacy of LED luminaires is directional, and light needs to be sent to useful areas.
In the case of using the same LED light source, the luminous flux of the LED luminaire is smaller than the luminous flux of the LED light source.
3, different input power
The denominator in the LED light source efficacy table and the denominator in the performance of the LED lamp are also different. For example, for a non-integrated LED module, the electric power consumed by the LED light source refers only to the power consumed by the LED module, and does not include the power consumed by the LED control device. The electric power consumed in the performance of an LED luminaire refers to the input power of the luminaire, including not only the LED light source, but also the power consumed by the LED control device. The electric power consumed by the LED luminaire is greater than the electric power consumed by the LED light source.
4, the relationship between the efficacy of LED lamps and the light efficiency of LED light source
Due to the different range of luminous flux and electric power involved, the light effect of the LED light source is different from that of the LED light fixture, and the light source light effect is much larger than the light fixture performance. One is that after the LED enters the luminaire, the junction temperature rises and the light output decreases (heat loss); the second is the system loss that the light source enters the luminaire and uses the LED control device or its power supply; the third is the light passing through the luminaire optical system. The loss after the luminaire efficiency (light loss).
Lamp efficacy = light source efficiency × (1 - heat loss of luminous flux after entering the lamp) × (1 - loss of electrical accessory system) × (1 - light loss after entering the optical system of the lamp) (%)
It can be seen from the above analysis that the light source efficacy is completely different from the luminaire performance and cannot be confused.