Method analysis of candidate distribution switch when doing small network monitoring scheme

When setting up a small network monitoring system, choosing the right switch is essential. But should you go for a 100M switch or a Gigabit one? Let’s break it down and calculate the actual bandwidth you need. Keep in mind that the real-world performance of switches typically ranges between 50% to 70% of their theoretical speed. So, a 100M switch might only offer around 50M to 70M of usable bandwidth.

To determine how many cameras you can connect, it's important to understand the concept of "bit rate." This refers to the amount of video data transmitted per second, usually measured in Kbps (kilobits per second). If the bit rate is set to 1024, it can be converted to Mbps (megabits per second), which tells you how much data is being sent each second.

For Hikvision H.264 cameras, the total bit rate is usually the sum of the main stream and the sub-stream. The main stream is used for high-definition recording and single-screen viewing, while the sub-stream is for lower-resolution transmission or multi-screen displays—often around 0.5M.

Here are some common bit rates based on camera resolution:

• 100W/130W = 2.5Mbps
• 200W = 4.5Mbps
• 300W = 6.5Mbps

If using a 100M switch with an effective bandwidth of 50M, here’s how many cameras you can support:

• 50 ÷ 2.5 = 20 cameras (for 100W/130W)
• 50 ÷ 4.5 ≈ 11 cameras (for 200W)
• 50 ÷ 6.5 ≈ 7 cameras (for 300W)

Now let’s look at H.265 technology, which reduces the bit rate by about half. Here are typical bit rates for H.265 cameras:

• 200W = 2.5Mbps
• 300W = 3.5Mbps
• 400W = 4.5Mbps

Using the same 50M effective bandwidth:

• 50 ÷ 2.5 = 20 cameras (for 200W)
• 50 ÷ 3.5 ≈ 14 cameras (for 300W)
• 50 ÷ 4.5 ≈ 11 cameras (for 400W)

As you can see, H.265 not only saves storage space but also reduces the bandwidth demand, making your network more efficient and saving on switch resources.

Now, when it comes to choosing between a 100M switch and a Gigabit one, keep in mind that most access layer switches only have one or two Gigabit ports. These are usually reserved for connecting to the video recorder or other aggregation devices, where the combined traffic from multiple cameras may exceed 50M. If your total bit rate exceeds this, it's wise to use a Gigabit port for better performance.

Also, remember that Gigabit ports require Cat 5e or higher cabling for optimal performance. Lastly, since different switches may have varying utilization rates, the numbers above can vary slightly depending on the equipment used.

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