Although the concept of smart city is relatively new, it has become a hot topic in the future urban environment. Last year, the United Nations predicted that by 2030, two-thirds of the world’s population would live in cities. With this growth, innovation in all areas is expanding, and cities must constantly adapt to the needs of sustainable development. In many cities, carrying paper maps or picking up newspapers at home is no longer common. Instead, city dwellers want to connect with their cities and citizens through convenient applications, technological innovations, and the Internet of Things to complete their daily lives.
Promoting innovation and creative development is key to becoming a smart city, but first it needs to be open to the public. For example, allowing access to data on the current bus location so that developers can create applications that notify users when the bus is about to enter the station. Through open data policies, cities can join the smart city movement to integrate technology and information into the core of urban development.
This method of data prioritization has been the deciding factor in making cities smarter and creating an innovative environment. According to the Sunlight Foundation, the five largest cities in the United States—Chicago, New York, Los Angeles, Houston, and Philadelphia—allow the public to access data and develop into a typical smart city.
The City of New York achieves this by encouraging corporate innovation and promoting urban development as a smart city. The Association for Neighborhood and Housing Development's “Displacement a lert Project†project, using open data, creates a network visualization of community and residential building conditions to raise awareness of the economically affordable housing crisis and identify areas with severe displacement pressures. As the application shows, open data allows New York City to address issues such as threats to residents' well-being and help simplify solutions and drive smart city development.
Hoping to take advantage of open data in a similar way, the full openness of the data helped Boston develop the BOS:311 application, which allows residents to report non-emergency situations to the Co nstituent Service Center and then dispatch relevant agencies on the issue.
Both New York and Boston have demonstrated that connecting citizens to a smart city requires access to all aspects of the data – only through data prioritization.
The Internet of Things provides sophisticated data and real-time data for innovation, such as air quality sensors, public transportation location equipment, and disaster warning signals, further enabling open data initiatives. Through comprehensive data, it fills the gap between citizens and cities, can better monitor the behavior and needs of urban residents, and provides solutions to improve urban conditions and alleviate inconvenience.
Boston's testing of a new data portal will be more critical in terms of showing the available data in a more user-friendly way to verify that the data is more comprehensive and easier to understand. In addition to creating a portal, cities need to encourage organizations to leverage and share data. Boston expects its new data system to achieve this goal, so be sure to provide data in a common format.
Available data makes innovation easier. For example, in 2013, shortly after joining the Open Data Initiative in New York, the New York Department of Transportation launched a new mode of transportation, the Citi Bike, a shared bicycle system. Since then, several private companies have been using open data in New York, hoping to develop an idea to improve the Citi Bike model. Open bicycle commute data and discover problems in the Citi Bike system that innovators can address these deficiencies. Companies like Spin and Mobike are considering sharing bike solutions and ideas, such as canceling parking lots, making travel easier.
Recently, the Ministry of Transportation emphasized the importance of urban technology and organized the “Smart City Challengeâ€, and the city was asked to propose a plan to combine innovation and connectivity to win the funds needed to execute the plan. The winner was Columbus, Ohio, who submitted a large project to plan a new transportation system that included an independent transportation system, a universal application for all modes of transportation, and a data analysis program. Providing confidence in the city's technology projects, Columbus hopes that this funding will encourage innovation and promote technology development to address some of Columbus's shortcomings through public data.
In order to adapt to the city's inhabitants, cities must provide a technological ecosystem by harnessing the power of the Internet of Things and innovation. Opening data to the public has improved the ability of technology development and problem solving in the public and private sectors as it promotes creative development based on measurable issues in society. This will make the development process of becoming a smart city natural and seamless.
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