The conventional operating room often adopts a movable surgical shadowless lamp, suspended above the operating table, and can move horizontally and vertically, and has the advantages of high illumination and good shadowless effect. In the actual project, a multi-headed universal joint claw structure with a ceiling fixed base is used, which facilitates the flow of purified air to the surgical field. A plurality of small lamp caps are used to form a shadowless lamp by means of a connecting rod, and each of the links can be adjusted horizontally and vertically 360 so as not to cause shadows in any direction. When selecting a shadowless light source, it should be considered from the following aspects: 1) The color temperature should be chosen as white, and the color rendering index should be close to the color rendering index of natural light, in order to clearly distinguish the actual state of tissues and organs; 2) strictly limit the stroboscopic phenomenon of the light source . The stroboscopic phenomenon will increase the visual burden of the doctor and cause illusion; 3) use a long-life light source. It is recommended to use medium color temperature halogen tungsten lamp as the light source of shadowless lamp; 4) The dimming switch should be set separately for the lampless lamp head, and should have a spare bulb; it should be able to switch automatically when the fault occurs.
Viewing light illumination (1) Light source selection. The viewing light should be T5 fluorescent tube with electronic or energy-saving magnetic ballast. The selection principle is consistent with the choice of accessories in the general lighting of the operating room above. (2) Brightness determination. The brightness of the viewing light has a great influence on the diagnostic quality of the X-ray film. Observing high-density film requires high brightness, and a strong light should be placed in the light box. In order to facilitate the reading of various density films, and in order to balance with the external light source, the operating room viewing light should adopt continuous dimming control. (3) Installation of the viewing light. The viewing light should be embedded in the wall opposite the main doctor, the front side is flush with the wall, the joint is glued, or the stainless steel flange is used, and the lamp should be easily replaced. The height of the wall-mounted viewing light is generally about 500 mm. Considering the standing position, the height of the installation is 1. 3 1. 4 m.
Each light of the viewing light should be controlled separately.
Indication lighting operating room indication lighting mainly includes the following aspects: 1) operating room door lights. Operating room door lights are mostly red, installed outside the door of the operating room passage, 200 300mm from the door frame, the control switch should be clearly different from other lighting switches, often interlocked with the equipment (electric door or surgical shadowless light) that marks the beginning of surgery. 2) Insulation monitoring alarm. In important operating rooms such as surgery, in order to prevent the risk of electric shock, local IT systems are often used for power supply. The sound and light alarm should be installed on the wall opposite the doctor. It is about 1.8m high from the ground. The indoor personnel can manually turn off the audible alarm, but the light signal cannot be turned off before the fault is removed. 3) Sound and light alarm for medical equipment failure. Automatically inspect the working conditions of important medical equipment and find out the sound and light alarm when the fault occurs.
Operating room UV disinfection lamp design civil building electrical design specifications (JGJ/T16-92) regulations, hospital operating room should be equipped with ultraviolet germicidal lamps. The operating room air should not only be statically disinfected before surgery, but also need to be dynamically disinfected during the operation. Therefore, the direct ultraviolet sterilization method should not be used to avoid harming the indoor body.
Reflective illumination is used, and a semi-arc reflector is made of polished aluminum. The ultraviolet lamp is suspended indoors, about 1 m from the ceiling, and is disinfected by reflected ultraviolet rays, but it is easy to produce a disinfection dead zone. The safe time for exposed human exposure to high-intensity reflected ultraviolet light is still limited. Therefore, when dynamic disinfection is performed for a long time, it is necessary to maintain proper spacing between personnel and lamps.
In comparison, UV cycle sterilizers are safer and more effective. The indoor air is sucked through the adjustable multi-directional air return port of the lower part, and after filtering and high-intensity ultraviolet light irradiation, the clean air flow is hit from the top of the cabinet to the ceiling of the operating room, and is scattered along the wall of the shed to realize omnidirectional air circulation disinfection, effectively Eliminate disinfection dead zones. The relationship between the intensity of the ultraviolet radiation and the amount of circulating air has been calculated and determined at the time of product setting, and the designer can calculate the number of sterilizers used. Since the ultraviolet light is sealed and cannot be leaked, it is theoretically possible to achieve uninterrupted dynamic disinfection.
Conclusion The operating room lighting design is different from the general lighting design. It needs to meet the illumination and brightness requirements of the entire operating room under the control of the design specifications. It also takes into account the special circumstances of the operating room, such as the safety of medical staff and patients and medical equipment. The hygiene of the device, so its conception, design, luminaire layout, and choice of light source will be the key to implementation. At the same time, its realization should proceed from the reality, according to the local system, choose the high-efficiency energy-saving light source correctly and reasonably, improve the utilization rate of lighting electricity and carry out reasonable and effective control, truly achieve people-oriented, save the wounded and get the best practical results. .
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