Comprehensive analysis of automotive engine technology

Excluding the supercharged engine and hybrid power, today's mainstream auto manufacturers are roughly divided into three groups: one is the VVT-i, VTEC, VVT and other technologies dominated by Japanese and Korean cars. The basic principle is to change the intake air volume and the rise of the valve. Cheng to optimize fuel consumption and power output; German cars represented by Volkswagen have been promoting FSI technology, they spray fuel directly into the cylinder at the required concentration, and then stratified combustion to achieve the most engine Good work efficiency; American cars that used to be proud of large displacement and high fuel consumption have had to make some compromises in today's increasingly energy-intensive, so closing some of the cylinders became their unique cheats. Take Chrysler's 8-cylinder engine as an example. When running smoothly, the computer can automatically shut down 4 cylinders to save energy. In the case of rapid overtaking, 8 cylinders work together to provide more power.

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CVVT: continuously variable valve timing system

South Korea's automobile industry has always been known for its advanced technology, so the technology used is mostly based on the experience of Germany and Japan, and CVVT is developed on the basis of VVT-i and i-VTEC. Taking the CVVT engine of Hyundai Motor as an example, it can control the opening and closing of the valve at any time according to the actual working condition of the engine, so that the fuel can be burned more fully, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the power and reducing the fuel consumption. However, CVVT does not control the lift of the valve, which means that the engine only changes the time of suction and exhaust.

VVT-i: intelligent variable valve timing system

VVT-i is Toyota's unique engine technology, which is very mature. In recent years, domestic Toyota cars, including the new Vios, have been equipped with VVT-i systems. Similar to Honda's VTEC principle, the biggest feature of the system is that it can control the intake camshaft according to the state of the engine. By adjusting the camshaft rotation angle, the timing of the valve timing is optimized to obtain the best valve timing, thus at all Increased torque over the speed range and improved fuel economy for improved vehicle performance.

VTEC: Variable valve timing and valve lift electronic control system

Developed by Honda, VTEC is the world's first valve control system that can simultaneously control both valve opening and closing times and lifts. It has now evolved into i-VTEC. The biggest difference between an i-VTEC engine and a normal engine is that two different valve-actuated cams are used in the low- and high-speed engines, and can be automatically converted by an electronic system. In addition, the engine can automatically change the opening time and the degree of lifting of the valve according to the driving condition, that is, changing the intake air amount and the exhaust amount, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing power and reducing fuel consumption.

FSI: In-cylinder direct injection stratified combustion engine

FSI is a new technology in the field of gasoline engines, some similar to the high pressure fuel supply technology of diesel engines. It is equipped with an on-demand fuel supply system that is then supplied with the required pressure through a piston pump that ultimately injects fuel directly into the combustion chamber at the most appropriate time. By designing the internal shape of the combustion chamber, there will be a rich mixture around the spark plug, while other areas are a lean mixture, which ensures that lean combustion is achieved as much as possible under smooth ignition. The essence of burning. The FSI is significantly more dynamic than its class engine, and its fuel consumption can be reduced by about 15%.

MDS: Variable Displacement Engine

The HEMI engine developed by Chrysler is equipped with an MDS system that automatically converts between 4-cylinder and 8-cylinder modes. This technology is most suitable for multi-cylinder engine use, which can effectively reduce the fuel consumption during traffic jams without affecting the driver's pursuit of high-displacement models. For example, a conventional 8-cylinder engine with this technology is equivalent to two independent four-cylinder engines, one engine can be operated according to the driving needs, and the other rest.

After reading the above technical explanations, the performance parameters released by the manufacturer are also the most direct basis for measuring the technical level of an engine. In the performance parameter table, we often see the statement of maximum power and maximum torque. At this time, some people think that the greater the power, the greater the actual strength of the car. In fact, this understanding is somewhat one-sided.

For example, if the output power of the two cars is 300 horsepower, then one of the sports cars can certainly run above 250 km/h; while the other truck can only run to 120 km/h, but it The ability to drive 50 tons of cargo, the core reason for this is that the engine torque of the two cars is different. Simply put, the maximum power is expressed in high speed, which determines how fast the car can run, but the torque does not necessarily play at high speeds. It is relatively flat on the graph, which can determine the power of the car while driving. Includes acceleration.

Therefore, when consumers buy a car, in addition to the maximum power provided by the manufacturer, it depends on its torque value, and pay attention to the speed when the engine is at maximum power and maximum torque. Of course, the lower the speed value when the maximum torque is reached, the lower the speed. The sex will be better.

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