FTTH construction faces two major problems
From a global perspective, FTTH as a broadband access direction or ultimate development goal, its advantages are very obvious: first, FTTH can provide 50M-100M high bandwidth from the network to the user, is the best choice for high-end customer construction; second, FTTH With a flat network structure, ODN is passive throughout, greatly reducing the cost of operation and maintenance. However, as a current emerging access method, FTTH still has unsolved problems that plague its scale development.
1. Difficult to enter the household in the construction of FTTH project
At present, most of the buildings in China do not have pre-buried optical fiber lines. To implement FTTH / O on a large scale means to re-lay optical cables inside existing buildings. The characteristics of the optical fiber itself (not resistant to tension and bending) determine that the installation of optical fiber cables is more difficult than copper cables.
In some old communities, drilling holes and passing through walls affects the appearance and causes a strong sense of rights protection for residents and properties, resulting in the delay in the entry project. Only those who have strong rights protection can only give up. Therefore, it is difficult to roll out construction in urban areas.
2. The high cost of FTTH hinders the speed of its scale development
With the large-scale construction of FTTX operators in recent years, the cost of FTTH-related equipment has dropped significantly, but the overall supporting cost, engineering cost, and terminal cost of ODN are still high. In terms of comprehensive cost comparison, the end-to-end construction cost of FTTH is still around 160-200 US dollars, while the construction cost of FTTB has dropped to less than 100 US dollars. At present, the investment capital of operators is generally limited, and the issue of investment income must be considered simultaneously, so there is greater cost pressure on the full roll-out of FTTH.
In addition, some FTTH maintenance and management technologies are not yet mature. For example, the line monitoring and fault location technologies of the FTTH network are far less mature than copper cables. Especially when the branch of the ODN network is interrupted, it is difficult to locate and find the fault. The repair and connection of optical fiber requires professional tools and skills. In contrast, the repair of copper cable is much simpler.
Pay full attention to copper wire resources
In the past few years, the FTTB + ADSL2 built by fixed network operators has solved some of the problems of FTTH entry difficulties, but ADSL2 can only provide 16-18M bandwidth for end users. For operators, it cannot meet the needs of future business development. .
At present, the operator's last mile copper wire resources are very rich. In the early 1990s, the nationwide popularization project of fixed telephones deployed a large number of copper cable resources in urban areas, towns and villages in China. In recent years, with China Telecom and China Unicom ’s broadband speed-up project of “optical in copperâ€, A large number of optical fiber basic networks have been built, and the distance of copper cables has also been shortened to about 500 to 800 meters. As of mid-2011, China still has 500 million lines of ADSL2 ports, and traditional ADSL is still dominant, with about 88 million ports. The number of ports higher than FTTX.
In order to solve the problem of the bandwidth of copper cables at home, Vectoring technology came into being. Vectoring is characterized by crosstalk cancellation, which can eliminate the impact of the main noise of copper wire crosstalk and make copper wire access fully enter the "100M" era.
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