The Basic Research Department of the Ministry of Science and Technology, in collaboration with the Basic Research Management Center, organized the "2017 China Science Top Ten Experts Interpretation Meeting." During this event, the 2017 China Science Top Ten Progress was officially announced. A visual representation of the top achievements was shared, showcasing the significance of these scientific breakthroughs.
This image highlights the award certificate, symbolizing the recognition of groundbreaking research in science across China.
1. **Realizing Thousands of Kilometer-Scale Quantum Entanglement and Key Distribution and Teleportation**
The caption reads: “‘Mozi’ satellite realizes kilometer-level quantum entanglement distribution.â€
The “Mozi†quantum science experimental satellite, developed independently by China, marked a milestone as the world’s first space-based quantum science satellite. Launched on August 16, 2016, it completed its on-orbit testing on January 18, 2017, and began conducting scientific experiments. The research team led by Pan Jianwei and Peng Chengzhi from the University of Science and Technology of China, along with Wang Jianyu's group from the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, achieved several technological breakthroughs. These included two-way high-precision light tracking, high-brightness quantum entanglement sources, anti-intensity fluctuation decoy quantum light sources, and low-noise single-photon detection in space. Using the “Mozi†satellite, they achieved the first thousand-kilometer-scale quantum entanglement in the world, enabling a strict test of quantum non-locality under the Einstein locality condition. They also successfully implemented quantum key distribution over thousands of kilometers and ground-to-space quantum teleportation, achieving a key distribution rate that surpassed traditional fiber-optic communication by 20 orders of magnitude. This advancement laid the foundation for a global quantum secure communication network and reinforced China’s leadership in quantum communication technology and space-based quantum physics research.
The findings were published in *Science* on June 16, 2017 (Vol. 356, No. 6343, pp. 1140–1144), and in *Nature* on September 7, 2017 (Vol. 549, No. 7670, pp. 43–47 and pp. 70–73). These results garnered widespread attention from both the academic community and media outlets globally. The research was recognized as a major scientific event by *Nature* and *Science News*. Professor Pan Jianwei, the chief scientist behind the “Mozi†satellite, was named one of *Nature*’s “Top Ten Scientific Figures in 2017,†hailed as “the physicist who makes quantum communication between heaven and earth.â€
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