1 Introduction
The starting characteristics of energy-saving lamps are one of the important performances of energy-saving lamps, and have a great impact on lamp life [1, 2]. Start-up time and rise time are the two most important indicators of the startup characteristics. The start-up time refers to the time required for the start-up time to turn on the power until the start-up and maintain the ignition point; the rise time is the time required for the luminous flux to reach 80% of the final luminous flux after the lamp is turned on. The start-up time and rise time of energy-saving lamps are clearly defined in GB/T 17263 "Performance Requirements for Self-ballasted Fluorescent Lamps for General Lighting" and IEC 60969 "Self-ballasted Lamps for General Lighting Services - Performance Requirements". In the year, the EU issued the "Regulation No. 244/2009 (EC) Committee on the Implementation of Non-Oriented Household Lamps on the Ecodesign Requirements of the European Parliament and Council Directive 2005/32/EC, also on the start-up time and rise of the light source. Time is strictly required. However, since the start-up process of the energy-saving lamp is very short, there is a challenge in accurately measuring the start-up time and the rise time.
2 Measurement requirements:
2.1 Startup time
Depending on the level of the lamp, IEC60969 also has different start-up requirements, as shown in Table 1:
IEC 60969 also provides a clear description of the measurement methods and requirements for start-up time. Typical test equipment and technical parameters must meet the requirements in Figure 1:
Among them, the sampling rate of the data acquisition instrument must be /900/s, the rise time of the sensor must be <1ms, the integration time is <1ms, and there is no stray light in the integrating sphere. In the start-up time test of the lamp, the lamp under test shall be used for at least 100 hours before the test, and shall be placed in a 25 ° C (± 1 ° C) environment for 24 hours. The test voltage is 92% of the rated voltage of the lamp, if the rated voltage of the lamp Is a range, the test voltage is 92% of the minimum voltage in the range.
2.2 Rise time
Depending on the level of the lamp, the rise time requirements are also different in IEC 60969, as shown in Table 2:
Among them, the sampling rate of the data acquisition instrument must be ≧1/s, the integration time is >1ms (<50ms), and there is no stray light in the integrating sphere. In the rise time test of the lamp, the environmental conditions are consistent with the start-up time test requirements, but the test voltage is the rated voltage of the lamp. If the lamp rated voltage is a range, the test voltage is the average of the given range.
3 measuring device
According to the requirements of the above IEC detection device, Yuanfang has developed a system that can accurately measure the starting characteristics. The system mainly includes zero-voltage synchronous switching power supply, fast photometer and system application software developed by a distant company. The auxiliary device includes an integrating sphere. High-speed photometric head, computer, etc. The principle frame diagram is shown in Figure 3 below:
The measuring principle is as follows: the zero-voltage synchronous switching power supply provides a falling edge trigger signal to the fast photometer while powering the energy-saving lamp, and the fast photometer receives the trigger signal from the zero-voltage synchronous switching power supply to start the measurement, thereby ensuring the lamp The data sampling is synchronized with the start of the lamp and the measurement results are very accurate. The fast photometer sends the collected data to the computer. The computer software can accurately calculate the relationship of the luminous flux over time during the startup process, as well as analyze the startup time and rise time of the electronic energy-saving lamp.
3.1 Zero voltage synchronous switching power supply:
The zero-voltage synchronous switching power supply has a zero-voltage output function, that is, the output starts when the voltage is 0V, to ensure that the output voltage reaches a stable value quickly, and a synchronous trigger signal can be output at the same time as the output voltage. The zero-voltage synchronous switching power supply can set the output parameter value according to the rated voltage, current, frequency, etc. of the lamp before powering the lamp under test.
3.2 Fast Photometer:
The Rapid Photometer is a photometer developed based on fast sampling that measures the photometric parameters of a stable source and a fast-changing source and records the sampled waveform. The fast photometer measures the start-up data of the lamp under test in the integrating sphere through a high-speed photometric probe. The fastest sampling time is 50μs, which fully satisfies the standard sampling speed of 1ms. High-speed photometric probes are the key to the rapid photometer.
3.3 system application software:
The application software can control the zero voltage synchronous switching power supply and the fast photometer working process on the computer, and check the test waveform and time curve (the relationship of the luminous flux with time) during the startup process, which can be viewed from the waveform diagram and the time variation curve. Visually analyze startup time and rise time.
4 measurement process
According to the measurement technology described above and the measurement requirements of the IEC for the start-up time and rise time of the lamp, a typical test is carried out on the sample of the energy-saving lamp. The test process is as follows:
4.1 Data sampling of the startup process:
Adjust the energy-saving lamp to be tested as required, and place the test system in a suitable environment for 30 minutes before starting measurement. According to the synchronous trigger sampling mode of the device, after the trigger measurement is selected in the computer software, the energy-saving lamp is illuminated. During the process of lighting the energy-saving lamp, the fast photometer sends the synchronously collected data to the computer, in the waveform measurement window. The waveform of the luminous flux over time during the measurement start-up is displayed in real time.
4.2 Luminous flux curve over time:
During the startup of the energy-saving lamp under test, the curve of luminous flux over time can be viewed in the application software. Set the integration time to 1 second, and the measured curve of the luminous flux waveform is shown in Figure 4:
Measure the rise time of the energy-saving lamp, set the integration time to 2 minutes, select the time curve measurement in the application software, and get the curve of the luminous flux of the energy-saving lamp during the rise time as shown in Figure 6:
4.3 Analysis of test results:
From the typical test, the energy-saving lamp startup time is 0.461 seconds and the rise time is 5.0 seconds. Through the synchronous trigger mode adopted by the measurement system, the luminous flux waveform diagram in the startup time and the luminous flux waveform diagram in the rising time can be accurately obtained.
5 Summary
With the increasing use of energy-saving lamps [3], accurate measurement of startup characteristics is also becoming more and more important. The measurement system introduced in this paper solves the problem of measurement starting characteristics well, and the measuring device and technology fully comply with the requirements of the latest international and domestic standards. The synchronous triggering technique adopted by the measurement system enables measurement of the start-up time and rise time of the start-up process, as well as the waveform and time-varying curves of the measured luminous flux during startup. At present, the measurement system has been used by major multinational companies, international inspection laboratories and some energy-saving lamp manufacturers, and has been well received.
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