The so-called machine-to-human relationship, and the development of robots, are all due to the fact that in the process of technological development, human functions are replaced by one another.
In the process of the development of human society's industrialization, the hand became the first to be replaced. The birth of mechanical tools is the process of continuous extension and strengthening of the manpower function. Since then, compared to the human heart's energy system, compared with the ear, nose and nose sensors, machine vision, and other related technologies have been born one after another, the development of each technology has greatly promoted the improvement of productivity.
Figure: Instrumentalization of manpower
Until the invention of the automatic guided vehicle, the machine was able to move out of a fixed position and move autonomously in a limited (and larger) space. The scientists and technicians formally gave the robots (mobile robots, AGV) such machines as autonomous mobile platforms. Name. Since then, in 1959, a robotic arm that truly imitated the human arm was developed at the Unimation Corporation. The industry referred to it as an industrial robot. In 1961, the world’s first industrial robot was installed and operated on the General Motors production line.
Figure: Unimentation's world's first industrial robot
The transition from machine to robot is not easy. It is not how excellent the machine itself is. You can call it a robot. In the process of replacing human functions, you have to be like a native object and accepted by the industry. You “robotâ€. The name of everyone was able to admit it.
In 2006, an algorithm called "deep learning" was proposed by the Hinton team. The recognition rate of image recognition and speech recognition based on the deep learning framework was greatly improved, and the success of deep learning led to "artificial intelligence" ushering in its third wave. Development, and promote the development of intelligent robots, a large number of intelligent service robots available.
At present, several well-known service robots, such as Softbank Pepper, the first Sofia with citizenship, and robots such as Xinsong Robot, Qihan Technology, Cloud Trace Technology, etc., are often exposed on the Internet. Appears in service robot related news events.
Pepper is a humanoid robot that can take into consideration the surrounding environment and actively respond. Pepper is an emotional robot that can recognize human emotions. The robot is equipped with speech recognition technology, articulated joint technology, and emotion recognition technology that analyzes expressions and tones. It can communicate with humans. Pepper can sense smiles, frown, The suppression and wording of voices, such as body language such as taro, can identify several basic emotions of joy, sadness, anger, and surprise.
Figure: Robot Pepper
From the point of view of the structure of the Pepper, it is roughly divided into a system module, a power module, a display module, a wireless connection module, and a voice module. The sensor module represented by a camera, a laser, a gyroscope, and a touch is composed of a degree of freedom including an arm and a movement. The moving parts including the platform, and other parts of the organization.
Robot Sofia is from American company HansonRobotics. Sophia has bionic rubber skin that simulates 62 facial expressions. Its “brain†uses artificial intelligence and Google speech recognition technology to recognize human faces, understand language, and remember interaction with humans. . On October 26, 2017, Sofia was granted citizenship by Saudi Arabia and became the first robot ever to acquire citizenship.
Photo: Robot Sophia
The Sofia robot is famous for its rich expression and "smart" answer. In terms of popularity, it is not an exaggeration to say Pepper, but its structure is not as good as that of Pepper, such as moving parts, especially moving. On the platform, Sofia is more fixed in a certain position, and Pepper can move freely through its wheeled structure; In addition, on the power module, Sofia is also far inferior to Pepper, Pepper is equipped with a large-capacity lithium battery. The time can exceed 12 hours, and the start of Sofia, according to a recent trip to Sophia, Guangzhou, it needs to plug in before it starts. The sophistication of Sofia lies in its rich expression, and Pepper is far from this point. Initially, the core components of Sofia include facial expression modules, visual modules, speech modules, wireless communication modules, system modules, and their parts.
At this stage, consultation and guidance service robots are also hot service robots on the market. This is a collection of service robots that often appear in hotels, banks, government affairs halls, railway stations, customs offices and other places to help with the above scenarios. The personnel undertake some services such as shopping guides, inquiries, customer service, guides, and administrative procedures.
Figure: cloud technology commercial service robot "run"
Take Yunrun Technology's intelligent commercial service robot “Run†as an example, “Run†is positioned as a hotel service, and its main functions are room delivery, tie road and information publicity. Compared with similar service robots, “Run†has the capability of dialogue, automatic guidance, automatic recharging, and other functions. It can be connected to elevators to achieve autonomous elevators, which can effectively adapt to the use of the hotel.
Whether it is the development of robots or the specific service robots such as Pepper and Sofia, Xiao Bian is not the navy of “robot net redâ€, but in this way, it disassembles the industrial structure of the robots and contributes to the development of the service robot industry. .
By analogy to several different service robots, we can see that a basic service robot function module will involve operating system modules, voice modules, visual modules, wireless communication modules, and structural components. Selective application scenarios will be selective. Add power modules, mobile modules, navigation modules, robots, and knowledge modules for specific application scenarios.
For a specific service robotics company, it is not good at all functional modules, but is good at a specific functional module, such as Pepper strong in emotion recognition, Sophia is known for expressions and responses, and like cloud technology For example, commercial service robots such as “Run†can provide solutions for specific application scenarios such as hotel services.
Therefore, it can be inferred that the future service robot industry may not have a specific company to complete all the functional modules, and the industrial chain will be differentiated. The industry chain will come up with concrete examples such as service robot power management system solution provider, service robot autonomous mobile solution provider, service robot operation system, service robot arm solution provider, navigation, vision, voice, industry knowledge base provider, and service robot OEM business.
As early as 2014, Softbank reached a cooperation with Foxconn, its Pepper robots commissioned Foxconn OEM production, and if Sofia adopted Google's voice technology, it is an example of industry segmentation.
At the initial stage of industrial development, the industrial chain is not fully equipped. To develop a fully functional service robot, many of them may have to be completed by themselves. Xiao Bian believes that as the industry chain gradually matures, the deep penetration of companies in the segmented areas will gain an advantage in the future when large-scale outbreaks of the service robot industry will emerge.
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