In recent years, the water purifier market in China has experienced significant growth. According to a report by the China Business Research Institute, the market reached 27.1 billion yuan in 2017, with a year-on-year increase of 33.2%. By 2018, sales were expected to surpass 33 billion yuan. This rapid expansion reflects growing consumer awareness of water quality and the increasing number of households investing in water purification systems.
However, as the market grows, so do concerns about product quality and standardization. Are there clear regulations governing the water purifier industry? How many consumers truly understand how to choose a reliable product?
In response to these issues, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standards Committee introduced the national standard GB34914-2017, titled “Restriction of Water Efficiency Limit and Water Efficiency Rating of Reverse Osmosis Water Purifiers.†This standard, which took effect in November 2018, sets strict water efficiency requirements, aiming to reduce water waste and promote more sustainable usage.
Reverse osmosis water purifiers are currently the most popular type on the market, accounting for around 60% of the market share. With nearly 4,000 manufacturers and over 10 million units sold annually, these devices use advanced filtration technology to remove impurities, bacteria, viruses, and heavy metals. However, they also produce wastewater, raising concerns about efficiency and environmental impact.
The new standard defines five levels of water efficiency, ranging from Level 1 (60%) to Level 5 (35%). Products below Level 5 are prohibited from being sold. This regulation is expected to eliminate up to 30% of inefficient products and save over 100 million cubic meters of water annually. Experts believe that this will significantly improve the overall efficiency of water purifiers, potentially doubling the average rate from under 20% to around 40%.
Additionally, the standard includes advanced water-saving values, encouraging manufacturers to innovate and develop more efficient models. For example, a water efficiency rating of 55% represents an advanced benchmark, pushing companies to improve their technology and product quality.
When choosing a water purifier, consumers should consider several factors. First, the local water quality plays a crucial role. In areas with hard water, such as northern China, ultrafiltration or nanofiltration systems may be sufficient, while reverse osmosis is better suited for regions with more contaminated water.
Second, the flow rate (flux) of the purifier affects user experience. Higher flux means faster water delivery, similar to a regular tap. This feature is becoming increasingly important as more consumers seek convenience.
Third, water efficiency becomes a key factor after the new standard is implemented. While higher efficiency ratings are preferable, they often come at a higher cost. Consumers should balance their budget with their needs, keeping in mind that water efficiency can vary based on local water conditions.
Fourth, filter lifespan is another consideration. Some manufacturers may compromise on filter durability to meet efficiency targets, leading to frequent replacements and additional costs. It's important to look for products that maintain long-term performance.
Lastly, brand reputation matters. Established brands typically offer more reliable products, though some consumers may prioritize water efficiency ratings over brand names. Ultimately, the choice depends on individual preferences and budget.
With the introduction of water efficiency labels, the industry is moving toward greater transparency. These labels help consumers make informed decisions and encourage manufacturers to improve their products. The government aims to raise awareness about water conservation, and while the transition may take time, it’s expected to lead to a more sustainable and efficient market.
One challenge remains: the issue of "pure waste ratio" versus "water efficiency." Previously, manufacturers used the pure waste ratio to describe the amount of wastewater produced. However, the new standard introduces a more accurate and standardized measure—water efficiency—as a percentage. This shift not only improves transparency but also ensures that consumers get a clearer understanding of a product’s water usage.
While the implementation of the new standard may lead to a slight price increase of 1–2%, it also encourages innovation and the development of high-end, water-efficient products. Companies like Xiaomi are already adapting to these changes, reflecting a broader industry trend.
In conclusion, the water purifier market is evolving rapidly, driven by stricter regulations, increased consumer awareness, and technological advancements. As standards become more rigorous, the industry will likely see a consolidation of smaller players, with larger, more efficient brands gaining a stronger foothold. This transformation is not just about compliance—it’s about creating a more sustainable and responsible future for water purification.
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