Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) elisa kit - Database & Sql Blog Articles

Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) ELISA Kit

Introduction to Basic Information

Heme Oxygenase (HO), also known as Heme Oxygenase, is the rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation of heme. It catalyzes the conversion of heme into biliverdin IX, carbon monoxide (CO), and iron. Biliverdin is then further reduced to bilirubin. Three isoforms of HO have been identified: HO-1, HO-2, and HO-3. Among these, HO-2 and HO-3 are constitutively expressed at high levels and may function as heme-binding proteins in normal cells. In contrast, HO-1 is an inducible enzyme that can be activated by various stimuli such as oxidative stress, heat shock, UV irradiation, ischemia-reperfusion injury, heavy metals, bacterial lipopolysaccharides, cytokines, nitric oxide (NO), and its substrate heme.

Recent research has focused on the biological effects of the products generated from HO-1 activity, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, signal transduction, immunomodulatory, and anti-adhesion molecule properties. The strong adaptive response of HO-1 to various stressors suggests it plays a critical role in protecting against inflammation and oxidative tissue damage.

Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1) ELISA Kit

Introduction to Identification Methods

Quantitative Determination

The ELISA procedure involves multiple steps, and several factors can influence the reaction outcome. One key challenge is achieving consistent coating of the solid-phase carrier across different wells. Therefore, for quantitative analysis, a standard curve must be constructed using a series of reference standards with varying concentrations under identical experimental conditions. The ELISA kit typically employs a sandwich format for detecting large molecules. The standard curve usually spans a wide range, with the maximum absorbance value often approaching 2.0. A semi-logarithmic graph is commonly used, where the x-axis represents the concentration of the analyte and the y-axis represents the absorbance. Connecting the points on the curve usually results in an S-shaped curve, with the steepest part representing the most reliable detection range.

Qualitative Determination

Qualitative determination provides a simple "yes" or "no" result, indicating whether the target substance is present in the sample. A "positive" result means the sample reacts within the assay system, while a "negative" result indicates no detectable reaction. Semi-quantitative results can also be obtained through qualitative analysis, where the titer is used to indicate the strength of the reaction. Although this method provides more information than a simple yes/no answer, it remains fundamentally a qualitative test. In semi-quantitative ELISA, samples are serially diluted, and the highest dilution that still shows a positive reaction is considered the titer. This helps determine the relative strength of the sample's response, offering more precise data than analyzing undiluted samples.

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